Wheel.



FAT'ENTED JUN? E. STAN rr m) 'UNITEE iriilil@ OFQFQE,

TnDWN STANOLIFF, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

WHEEL.

Specification of Lettere Patent.

Patented. .Tune 30, 1908'.

Appllciitionviled April 28, 1806, Serial No. 314,178. Renewed October M, 1907. Serial No. 397,354.

.To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that l, EnwiN STANCLIFF, a citizen of the United States, residing in New York, in the county of N ew York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in N heels, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to vehicle wheels and is especially adapted for use in driving wheels for'automobiles and other vehicles.

The improvements lembodied in this invention are particularly' applicable to that class of vehicle wheels in which a center or inner wheel runs' within an outer wheel with suflicient clearance to place the axis of the inner wheel in eccentric relation to the outer wheel.

- Hereinafter in this specification for convenience the inner wheel, owing to the circumstance that it is illustrated as a driving wheel for the outer wheel, will be called the driver wheel, and the outerwheefsince it affords a track surface for the inner or driver wheel, will beoalled the track wheel. When occasion arises to refer to the entire structure it will be called the wheel. One of the objects of the invention is to provide a wheel of this class for automobiles in which the driver wheel shall have such relation to the .track wheel that there will be a load-regulated gripping action between the two wheels, the nopmal ofi-center relation of the two being so modified and controlled that instead oi' the axis ofthe driver wheel tending to run forwardly of the axis ot' the track wheel, said driver wheel axis will normally tend to take n. position backward ofthe anis ol` the track wheel.

ln the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sido elevation ol` a wheel, embodying the present imin'ovements, some portions being shown broken away for better illustrating some certain feature. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view, in line 2--2 ol Fig. l, illustrating y one of the preferred forms andv arrangements ol' the wheel. Fig. 3 a View of that portion of thc wheel showing the point of contact between the driver and the track wheel. Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are diagrammatic vic ws illustrative ol' the mode ol' operation of my improved wheel as compared with .the ordinary olil center wheel..

The wheel, in the form shown in the drawings, is represented of a character particularly intended lor use on automobiles, but it will be understood that the improvements may be used for other purposes and that the details and proportions may be modified 1n various ways .and degrees, within the scope and linut of the present invention, for

more fullyfadapting the improvement to dif-- ferent kinds of service and for usel in vehicles employed in different kinds of work. l

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the driver wheel 1 1 is shown as provided with a hub 4, of ordinary construction, adapted to be carried on or by the usual axle, as 10, of the vehicle.

`Thedriver wheel is provided with a proper rim or ielly, as 12, for carrying the tire 1'3 the tread 1 4 of which runs within and is sup ported by the tread engaging or track face 15 of the track Wheel 16. Said track wheel may have a suitable tire on the exterior thereof, but I prefer to employ for wheels for use on automobiles a rubber or cushion tire ol` )lain and simple construction, as indicate` for instance, in a general-way, by 17. ln practice it will be understood that said tire should be of suitable thickness and width for the load to be carried, and this tire will be removably secured in plu-cc in accordance with the usual practice. For this and other pur poses of 'construction the track wheel may-be made upoi a pair of plates, 1.8--1S, having vflanges 19 for engaging the road tire 17, to which they may be secured by bolts 20, flanges 2%21 for receiving the inner tire, and webs 22, which may be secured together in some suitable way, as for instance by rivets 23. The driver wheel is shown as having a hub 4, mounted on an axle and supporting the lelly 12 by suitable spokes, as 25.

Ono of the Ylieatures ol" the present improvement relates to the combination with the track wheel 16 and the driver wheel 11 of a yielding inner tire ap )lied between the two wheels, these wheels eing in practice constructed for running one eccentrically to the other. The inner tire may bo applied in some cases to the track wheel 16,- but l prefer to apply the tire 13 herein illustrated to the outer rim 12 of the driver wheel 11. A further feature of this construction is the mobility or expansibility laterally .of the inner tire 13 on increase ol" load or pressure on the driver wheel 11, 'whereby to obtain the desired gripping action, this being regulated by the variations in load. Said inner tire 1S is shown as fitting relatively freely within the flanges 21 oi` the track wheel 1G and by reason of this feature it is evident that the tread 'lace 14 oi' the inner tire 13 will bo l'rec to draw away from the track surface 15 of the @cases shown as divided oil' into eight portions, set off by the points b1 to b1. VWhile the track. wheel W is revolving upon the point fc, to surmount the obstruction, the portion of the track face 15 of such wheel which is rearward of the line m1 is gradually rising, as will be seen by referring to the lines 151 to 151 inclusive. llines c1 to c inclusive are drawn 'from the points (L1 to c, on ,the curve a, to the points 4115 to 915 on the respective circles 151 to 15. The points 115 center of the'arc of contact between'the'two wheels, driver and track wheel, at 'each ol' the several positions 151 to 15, By a comparison ot the curves a and b it Will be seen that the axis ot the driver wheel, during the sur mounting of the obstruction, travels throu h a longer or less sharp curve than does t e axis' of the track wheel, and at the instant the wheels have reached the top of the obstruction, or raised to the full extent of overcoming this, the axis of the driver wheel, as indicated by the point b, will be about las far ahead of the position occupied by the axis of the track Wheel, as indicated by the point c, as it was behind the same, as indicated hy the points a1 b1, at the time of meeting the obstruction. The triangulation mi and cJ correspond 4with the The vehicle axle in thus traveling through a longer curve than that traversed by the axis of the track-wheel naturally causes an easier motion of the vehicle.

1n Fi 5 the action of the ordinary oticenter w eel is represented, wherein the track wheel is designated by A, the perimeter of the driver wheel by B, the roadway by C and the obstruction by D. ln this instance both of the wheels will move together in an orbit of revolution about the axis d in overcoming the obstruction. The axis ol' the outer whee is assumed to move from the point 10 to the point 2 inscribing the chart curve o. The axis ofthe inner wheel, during the saine time, will be assu-med to move from point i1 to iz, inscribing the chart -curve` fi. The vertical radius of the track` wheel at the instant of striking the obstruction is indicated by j, and the vertical radius ot the track wheel at the instant this has mounted the obstruction is indicated by 7c. The radius line 'y passes from the axis of the track wheel through the axis of the driver wheel to the point of engagement with the obstruction, the points 1 and 'ix of curves o and i indicate the positions of these axes at this time. The angle j-y indicates the distance which the axis ot the driver wheel is forward of the axis of the track Wheel when running normally and at the instant of meeting the obstruction. oses of comparison, the

1n Fig. 6, for pur chart curves (1, and o and fi, are illustrated one below the other. The chart curve fi has been dotted over the chart curve b to show the advantages ol the intergripping actiontoV Si?" indicate the y triangulation c1 and between the driver and the track wheels, since a much casier curve of the axle traversing the curve b is had `iroln the point b1 cn the curve l) to thepoint 10() where the curve i intersects the curvo i), than the axle will have traversing the curve fi. 1t will 'also be' seen at 100 that the axis olz the ordinary oil-center driver wheel in its curve t passes above the-curve l) made by the axis' of the driver wheel in mv improvedstructure. The base line 102 ofthe triangleembodying this line, the chart 'curve l), and the lineI 1()3indieating the distance the center or axis oi'- the driver wheel has raised while surmounting the obstruction, may lie-compared with the base line 104 oi` the trianvulation'com )rising `'this base line, thechartbline i, and the line 1105 illustrating likewisethe distance the axis ot the driver wheel has' raised in surmounting an `obstruction of equal height. The elevation`lines 1(13 and 105 are'substantially equal. Vilhatever inequality exists is due to the fact that the curve t ot the ordinary oil-center wheell after raising loaers'somewhat, so that insteadof/giving constant risethere is an undulating motion, which will produce an amountot unpleasant 'ar to the occupants of the vehicle. It will llie seen that the base line102'is longerthan is the base line 10e and that the curve b is longer than ythe 'curve i, `and is at a less angle to the base line, thus indicatingy a more even motion .of the vehicle, since this would be carried by the axle of the driver Wheel.

Assuming vthat an oil" center Wheel were running on theroadway C yand the momentum and other forces were such that the axis of the track wheel AWere following the dotted line path o in Fig. 5, vand the axis ofthe driver wheel B were traversing vthe dotted line path i', both paths being parallel with the roadway C, with the-wheels in such relation that the vertical radius of the outer wheel coincides with the .vertical radius of the 'inner wheel, that is, instead of the center of the arc of, contact between the Wheels being at the` line\ fg,- the center of the arc of contact betiveenlthe vwheels vill be assumed to be at the line j," at this time the track wheelA meeting -the obstruction Dfit will be halted momentarily and the driver wheel B will then run forward on the-track wheel and its center will inscribe aodown curve i2, which curve will, in the present instance, be assumed to extend from thc line to the line y. This will then bring the axes of out axis ci. i a Whee in l just dissussec was assumed to hait, nhaf i5, during the time Uf be five? Whe zweysed th@ upon in@ back Wheel 16, n el, he"""e, the curva and` 11 L is a, -mctisn e "no thereby devel-maxi ming J e aminuef. moveiranien u the, A Jing 'power more effectively ma both yfhels. En pzacti, of comse, from the @We had im ih@ track Whee.

n.257; be ia, pause or .We u tha-3 owzzrd U11@ o' the use of the cushiQn tire be- Tf oflne'fla the mack-Whe@ upon. meeing Ween the wheefs "il :and 16 is to eslict aensidembfie ebsmszion, and this dwe ha iofwad and baci, ecmoaory au;u m., ly 03 very shmt ion; Whh might in me o take pace, *J5

modu the Garniture @ask Whe f' if?. 'f H i TNI'. F mi i. l

Qu-tei czcummme of cmbnd 1 and Qa th@ @millon .Ee 13 between the maar of: funn G merence of me Tack Wheel-*E6 and the' the Giner, and hat other having faces. er1- oute crc-umfafrenc@ of the drivel Whee 1l; 1.a; ih@ side mc the tire when under 25 Thug them xs gn-ove, m complete Whee e Wh being hiaat-ed zimmg" of' the and an elastic e aan* d by one G o1 Tunning upon the -meter of the that' @they hf/abrng; engaging Wasn wider loud, e. sims 015th@ tim andthe pamity sushis?. Rires, @my one of which res EG is subjeQ-ed o of h@ lbadway and tha o'hf of which is opemtvafbetween cuved su Eames which are featvly f 011i j v I Y My divergent lm one smohsr, 1 0% this organizaion of mechanism: s Y @a, the G'uertire may be of reatvey y mob-'ff' While 'the lle time 111cm] be of :L relative @me of elastcv Y consequsgudy ,ning action, and. be

thaw will L. clearance between upon one f3-'hen die Tacx; w1 vni; of [Ew track, who@ l@ af- 5. l Combination with am Guter or immuni, relative im "che rim a Cenmy dimmed, opening, Whee .mated Wthm ad by each 1 oher; one having its I b upon th@ mdia' s, @uns 'fm im pein; of enr vet-e' upon 'which if@ is t@ run such 190 :QQ @peiling toward 2:35

f i n meer, end fn-eens iidmsamg the ivres, or sold side engage ii e reinicie '-Niieei, of roei, seid oiier wheei pair of pistes ri'v V.en inw'iirdiy projecting outer wheei and when ireo diameter than. the een iisiiid'i'iziiiges, and when d v its side feces die faces or' :11i outer wiieei, og i tire posi'fiveiy cal i mi" r Doing; 'upon n miei; und norm dy 'free oi; si, s position ed- .im the exis to tbe 'd tmek fue@ Combination re'iieei, one of i) disposed drivmexriber if meier who@ u u ieee oi the outer Whos-i from seid truck face exce jeoeri to Sile redini iiiie fr so point? oi: rement i. l

img d iie or posiiioi, sur: mid? i'iub, spokes ra. ting' rried by seid so mi worried by said 'ie/Ly, s. w ie tire, smid tiro being n if. carri Si) on ehe other of said 'Wheels imdvloceed and adapted for enga-giri? with said driving surfaces und operable by the variation of the load on the centerwheei for varying the driving engagement between the two Wheels.

9. 'in i vehicle wheel, the combination with e brook Wheel, of s center wheel, one of' seid wiieeis heviigo positely dis osed e11- gegrng surfaces) am e reiutiveip mobile member on Athe other of said Whee s located and adapted `for engaging with said surfaces mid operable by the variation of the ioad on 'the center wheel for varying the driving en-y gagement bejuween the two wheels, whereby to iioriiieiiy carry the' exis of the truck Wheel forward of the exis of the driving Wheel while the wheel is in action.

l0. In a, vehicle wheel, the combination- With a track Wheel, having @truck face and e pair of oppositely disposed driving engaging sureoes, of a Center driving Wheel, and 1L relatively mobile member on the seid drivinvwheei 4for running on seid track faire um llocated between undedapted for variably i engaging Said surmoes upon the variation oi load on the driving wheel 'for verying the drivin@r force of the driving wheel upon the track Wheei.

Signed at Nos. 9-15-Murray street, New York, N. Y., this 27th day of April, 1906. i EDWIN TANGLIFF Witnesses:

Jouir S. BENTLEY, JOHN 0. SEHERT. 

